The number of studies focused on biodiversity are considerable; however, it is still necessary to understand the inherent features of the importance of biodiversity as an ecosystems functional feature, especially in the tropics, where the importance of conserving biodiversity is evident. At the same time, the high degree of complexity of tropical ecosystems, hinders the possibilities of understanding and interpreting the different processes associated to global change. Initially, C&B looks for, identifying what is the role of biodiversity in the functionality of neotropical ecosystems and, also, to establish the effects of climate change on biodiversity in the tropical world.